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本文由Cooper Robertson授权mooool发表，欧博官网欢迎转发，禁止以mooool编辑版本转载。 COOPER ROBERTSON：纽约建筑师Cooper Robertson作为国际设计竞赛获胜团队的一员，领导了一个扩建改造的Gateway 拱门博物馆的设计。该博物馆基地位于密苏里州圣路易斯沙里宁国家公园内的标志性拱门处，地下博物馆探索了美国历史上的重大事件，如托马斯·杰斐逊总统购买路易斯安那州，路易斯和克拉克1804年的北美探险，以及圣路易斯在美国西部殖民中发挥的作用。但该博物馆一直缺乏知名度，欧博我们需要对美国向西扩张的历史进行一个更切题、更现代的故事叙述。 COOPER ROBERTSON：As part of the winning team for an international design competition, New York-based architects Cooper Robertson have led the design of an expanded and renovated Gateway Arch Museum. Located at the base of Eero Saarinen’s iconic Arch in St. Louis, Missouri, within a National Park, the underground Museum explores seminal events in American history, such as President Thomas Jefferson’s Louisiana Purchase, Lewis and Clark’s exploration of North America in 1804, and the role of St. Louis in the settlement of the American West. The Museum had suffered from a lack of visibility and was in need of a more relevant and contemporary narrative about the westward expansion of the United States.
▼平面图 Master Plan
作为一件伟大的纪念性公共艺术作品，沙里宁的拱门充满了意义、技术成就和美感，这些都可以与美国最重要的标志性建筑(如自由女神像)相媲美。然而，随着邻近的州际公路的建设，拱门的设置已经降低了它激发人们对移民和科学探索等相关历史话题的想法和情感的潜力。新博物馆和周边景观的设计大刀阔斧但又不失尊重的介入方式更充分地激发了这一潜力，它诠释了拱门的精神，并放大了它与我们这个时代的相关性。 As a work of great monumental public art, Saarinen’s Arch is imbued with meaning, technological achievement, and beauty that must be compared with the most important American icons, like the Statue of Liberty. However, with the construction of the adjacent interstate highway, the setting of the Arch had diminished its potential to inspire ideas and emotions about relevant historic topics like migration and scientific exploration. The design of the new Museum and surrounding landscape has more fully realized that potential through an ambitious but respectful intervention that interprets the spirit of the Arch and amplifies its relevance to our time.
新博物馆占用了一处翻修过的地下空间，欧博娱乐该空间与拱门同时修建，向西扩展了47000平方英尺(约合42000平方米)，并有一个面向旧法院的新入口，这是1857年审判奴隶德雷德·斯科特的标志性地点。现有空间的大部分内部已被拆除，并重新配置成新的画廊、公共设施和博物馆工作人员办公室。现有公共空间的原始建筑元素被保留下来，其独特性通过新的照明和其他独立的干预措施得以突出。新增的公共大厅也作为整个公园的游客中心，以及一个带有纪念性和动画元素的大厅，欧博allbet向游客介绍在画廊中将要探索的主题。 The new Museum occupies a renovated underground space built concurrently with the Arch with a 47,000 square foot expansion to the west, and a new entrance facing the Old Courthouse, site of the landmark 1857 trial of the slave Dred Scott. The majority of the interior of the existing space was demolished and reconfigured into new galleries, public amenities, and museum staff offices. The original architectural elements of the existing public spaces were preserved, and their distinctive character highlighted with new lighting and other discrete interventions. The addition houses a new public lobby that also serves as a kind of visitor center for the entire Park, as well as a great hall with monumental and animated elements that introduce the visitor to major themes to be explored in the galleries.
博物馆的设计完全融入了国家公园景观，尊重了Dan Kiley的原始公园设计。新的圆形不锈钢和玻璃入口指的是拱门的材料和形式。这是一个放置在景观上的弧形，精确地插入到地形中，游客可以通过景观进入建筑，而不是直接从地下下降。当你进入的时候，明亮的大厅展现了深入地下博物馆规模惊人的展品，提升和活跃的游客体验，并不断吸引着人流进入。 The Museum design is fully integrated into the National Register-listed landscape and respects Dan Kiley’s original Park design. The new circular stainless steel and glass entrance refers to the Arch in its materiality and form. It is an arc laid on to the landscape and precisely inserted into the topography, allowing visitors to enter the building through the landscape rather than descending underground. As one enters, the luminous great hall is revealed with views deep into the underground Museum’s monumentally scaled exhibits, elevating and enlivening the visitor experience, and drawing one in.
入口大厅下面飘浮着一幅巨大的北美地图。游客和学校参观团体可以站在那里，沿着路易斯和克拉克的小道行走，或者沿着向西迁徙的拓荒者的足迹前行。这张地图也被设计成一个特殊的活动空间。地图下面是一个新的教育中心，它填补了公园以前没有专门空间的空缺。 A giant map of North America floats below the entry hall. Visitors and school groups can land there and walk the path of Lewis and Clark, or follow the trails of pioneers migrating west. The map is also designed as a unique space for special events. Beneath the map is a new Education Center that supports the Park’s programs which previously had no dedicated space.
当穿过大厅向下移动时，可以看见屏幕上放映着实物大小的马车队向西行进的视频，画面上有开阔崎岖的风景，有野牛和边境的其他自然特征，为进入画廊之前创造了一次生动的迁徙体验。 One moves down through the hall among screens projecting life sized videos of wagon trains journeying west across an open and rugged landscape with bison and other natural features of the frontier, creating a vivid experience of the migration before entering the galleries.
线性展览提供了单次和连续访问等多种浏览故事方式，并与拱门上的旅程无缝融合，然后在其基础上提供一个可体验的伟大作品。通过将博物馆的内容与拱门相结合，该设计创造了一个连贯而难忘的参观之旅。 The linear exhibition offers various ways to navigate multiple stories on single and successive visits, and merges seamlessly with the trip up the Arch, and then delivers one at its base to experience the great work itself. The design creates a coherent and memorable visit by integrating the Museum content with the Arch.
该博物馆对所有年龄段的人都是完全开放的。该设计基于通用设计标准，并超出了ADA和联邦授权的ABAAS标准的法律要求。 The Museum is fully accessible for all ages and all abilities. The design is based on Universal Design Standards that exceed the legal requirements of the ADA and federal- mandated ABAAS standards.
© Nic Lehoux courtesy Cooper Robertson 这个项目展示了优秀的博物馆建筑，伟大的不朽的公共艺术，以及精心设计的户外公共空间都可以成就这个伟大的城市。随着地下博物馆向市中心扩展，并向一个重新设计的公共广场开放，这个广场现在横跨一条下沉的州际公路。新博物馆和旧法院创造了一个国家意义的建筑整体，定义了圣路易斯市中心改造后的公共开放空间。它们与拱门一起，将成为那些对建筑和历史感兴趣的人的新目的地，为居民的城市生活质量做出贡献，并推动城市经济复兴。 This project demonstrates that excellent museum architecture, great monumental public art, and well-designed outdoor public spaces can make great cities. It is a key component of the larger plan to connect downtown St. Louis with the Park and the Mississippi Riverfront as the underground Museum expands towards downtown and opens onto a redesigned public square that now spans over a sunken interstate highway. The new Museum and Old Courthouse create an ensemble of buildings of national significance that define a transformed public open space in downtown St. Louis. Taken together with the Arch, this will become a new destination for those interested in architecture and history, contribute to the quality of urban life for residents, and drive economic revitalization. ▼剖面图 Section
▼博物馆入口-后外部 Museum Entry – Exterior AFTER
▼博物馆广场-后视角 Museum Plaza Webcam view – AFTER
▼博物馆入口内部 Museum Entrance Interior
▼博物馆夹层 Mezzanine
▼博物馆大堂东视角 Museum Lobby Looking East
▼游客中心_博物馆平面图 Visitor Center_Museum Floor Plan
▼博物馆平面图 Museum Floor plan
该项目是由非盈利机构Gateway Arch Park Foundation举办的“构建现代杰作:城市+拱门+河流”国际竞赛的成果。这座耗资9600万美元的博物馆是Gateway Arch国家公园总耗资3.8亿美元全面更新的文化中心。 This project is a result of the closely watched international competition, “Framing a Modern Masterpiece: The City + The Arch + The River”, which was organized by the non-profit Gateway Arch Park Foundation. The $96 million Museum is the cultural centerpiece of the overall $380 million comprehensive renewal of the Gateway Arch National Park.
地点: 密苏里州圣路易斯 Location: St. Louis, Missouri |
