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Federal Aviation Administration

时间:2024-05-24 12:21来源: 作者:admin 点击: 28 次
What are Dangerous Goods?

The thought rarely crosses our minds, but many of the goods we use on a regular basis pose dangers to the aircraft. For example, lithium batteries, dry ice and aerosol whipped cream are dangerous goods. These products may seem harmless; however, when transported by air they can be very dangerous. Vibrations, static electricity, temperature and pressure variations can cause items to leak, generate toxic fumes, start a fire, or even explode if these products are not handled properly.

A dangerous good (also known as hazardous material or hazmat) is any substance or material capable of posing an unreasonable risk to health, safety, and property when transported in commerce. Identifying dangerous goods is the first step to reduce the risks posed by the product with proper packaging, communication, handling, and stowage. This is an important aspect of cargo safety.

The United States Department of Transportation has a system of classifying dangerous goods based on the product's specific chemical and physical properties. A good starting point for determining if your product might be dangerous is by obtaining a Safety Data Sheet (SDS) from the manufacturer and checking the "Transportation Information." This can provide valuable information on the transport risks related to your materials.

Common Dangerous Goods Examples

  Safety Data Sheets

  Dangerous Goods Hazard Classes

The Department of Transportation categorizes dangerous goods into nine hazard classes that describe different types of risks. For example, Class 3 includes flammable liquids and Class 8 includes corrosive materials. The table below provides awareness of how these hazard classes can translate to common materials that are considered regulated dangerous goods for transportation. This list is not exhaustive and is for general awareness purposes only. Always confirm the hazard classification of your product before shipping. The Department of Transportation's Hazardous Materials Table provides additional details about specific dangerous goods.

DOT Hazard Class DOT Hazard Class Label Common Examples Example Products

Divisions 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, and 1.6

 

Class 1 marking

  Ammunition, fireworks  

hazmat ammunition example

 

hazmat fireworks example

 

Divisions 2.1, 2.2, 2.3

 

Flammable Gas

Non-flammable and non-toxic

Toxic by Inhalation

  Aerosols (e.g., spray paint, household cleaners, hair products, deodorants, cosmetics, cooking sprays), lighters, butane cans, oxygen, CO2 cartridges, flammable gas powered machinery & equipment, fire extinguishers  

hazmat aerosol example

 

hazmat co2 cartridges

 

hazmat lighters example

hazmat fire extinguishers

 
 

Class 3 marking

  Paints, paint-related materials (e.g., paint thinners, stains, sealants, coatings), extracts/flavoring liquids, perfumes/fragrances, adhesives, hand sanitizers, flammable liquid powered machinery/equipment  

hazmat hand sanitizer example

 

hazmat paint example

 

hazmat perfume example

 

Divisions 4.1, 4.2, and 4.3

 

Flammable Solid Label

Spontaneous Combine Label

Dangerous Wet Label

  Strike-anywhere matches  

hazmat matches example

 

Divisions 5.1 and 5.2

 

Class 5.1 marking

Class 5.2 marking

  Oxygen generators, cleaners/chemicals (such as higher concentrations of hydrogen peroxide), adhesive activators, curing products, resin kits  

hazmat chemical oxygen generator example

 

hazmat hydrogen peroxide example

  

hazmat resin kit

 

, Poison (Toxic), Poison Inhalation Hazard, Infectious Substance

and

 

Poison

Infectuous Substance

  Insecticides/pesticides, regulated medical waste, infectious substances
 
 

hazmat pesticide example

 

hazmat biohazard medicine example

 
 

Class 7 marking

  Radiopharmaceuticals, radioactive sources (such as those found in certain smoke detectors and medical devices)  

hazmat radioactive medicine example

 
Class 8, Corrosives  

Corrosive

  Cleaners and chemicals (e.g., swimming pool supplies like chlorine), many acids (e.g., sulfuric, hydrochloric, potassium/sodium hydroxide), wet batteries and battery acid, paint strippers   

hazmat chlorine

 

hazmat corrosives

 

hazmat wet cell battery example

 
 and  

hazmat class 9 label

hazmat class 9 lithium battery label

  Lithium batteries, electronics containing lithium batteries (including cargo tracking devices), dry ice, machinery/equipment containing miscellaneous hazardous materials integral components (e.g. compressed gas accumulators, safety devices)  

hazmat lithium battery image

 

hazmat electronic with lithium batteries

 

hazmat dry ice

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